Tag: Florida

  • Storm Updates: Quiet Pulse — Nov 4 Morning

    Storm Updates: Quiet Pulse — Nov 4 Morning

    Tropical: None · Severe: Marginal · Flood: Marginal

    What Changed

    • Compared with the November 4 afternoon desk (quiet-pulse-2026-11-04-afternoon: Tropical: None · Severe: Marginal · Flood: Marginal): Latest SPC Day 1 (0100 UTC November 5, issued 0657 PM CST Wednesday November 4, valid 050100Z–051200Z) continues a Marginal Risk of severe thunderstorms across portions of the Southeast. Isolated sporadic wind gusts and a brief tornado remain possible this evening. No upgrade to Slight or higher. Prior Lower-to-Mid Mississippi Valley Marginal has shifted east and contracted further.
    • WPC Day 1 Excessive Rainfall Outlook (updated 0053 UTC November 5 / discussion 759 PM EST November 4 by Chenard, valid 01 UTC Nov 05–12 UTC Nov 05) holds a Marginal Risk for portions of Southeast Florida, the Southern Appalachians, and a small area of Southeast Colorado. No Moderate or higher. Prior Slight areas remain closed.
    • National Weather Service Flash Flood Warning remains in effect for Fannin, Gilmer, northwestern Union, and Murray Counties in north-central Georgia until 3:00 AM EST Thursday November 5. Radar-indicated thunderstorms producing 1–2 inches per hour with additional 1–2 inches possible. Isolated flash flooding of creeks, streams, urban areas, and roads ongoing or expected.
    • No convective watches are currently valid. SPC confirms none as of late evening UTC November 4 / early November 5. No tropical storm or hurricane watch or warning on the U.S. coast or Gulf. NHC Tropical Weather Outlook notes a non-tropical low a few hundred miles south of Bermuda with 30% chance of acquiring subtropical characteristics in 48 hours and 50% in 7 days, moving slowly eastward; no U.S. threat.
    • Nothing moved into Slight or higher on SPC or Moderate or higher on WPC ERO. Isolated severe wind and brief tornado potential remains in the Southeast Marginal; flood lane holds at Marginal with one active FFW in north Georgia.

    As of the morning desk on Wednesday, November 4, 2026 (approximately 9:16 PM PST / 05:16 UTC November 5), the national picture is a Quiet Pulse. The Storm Prediction Center’s latest Day 1 Convective Outlook (0100 UTC November 5) states: “THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PORTIONS OF THE SOUTHEAST.” Thunderstorms with sporadic wind gusts and a brief tornado will remain possible.

    What Is Live

    SPC Day 1 (0100Z November 5 / 6:57 PM CST by Lyons) lists a Marginal Risk (Level 1 of 5) across portions of the Southeast. Evening radar and satellite show a band of predominately disorganized convection along and ahead of the cold front from eastern TN to south-central AL, with a more isolated cluster over eastern GA. Modest instability (~500 J/kg MLCAPE) and marginal deep-layer shear (30–35 kt) support occasional stronger updrafts, clusters, and transient supercells. Low-end risk for a brief tornado or damaging gust this evening. Storms should weaken as the environment becomes increasingly stable over eastern GA and the western Carolinas overnight. No watches or active mesoscale discussions elevating the threat beyond Marginal.

    WPC Day 1 ERO maintains Marginal Risk for Southeast Florida (low-end, isolated heavy rates on saturated soils but reduced coverage expected), Southern Appalachians (training showers with embedded thunderstorms possible, terrain influence), and a small added Marginal in Southeast Colorado (slow-moving convection under upper low, localized 1–3 inches on wet antecedent conditions). Active Flash Flood Warning in north Georgia as noted. Residual concerns possible elsewhere but no higher risks.

    No convective watches valid. NHC confirms no named tropical cyclones or U.S. coastal/Gulf watches or warnings.

    Hotspots

    Southeast (AL/GA/SC, east TN): Marginal severe risk for isolated wind gusts and a brief tornado this evening along the cold front and in shear-favorable zones. Overlaps with Marginal ERO in southern Appalachians and the active Flash Flood Warning in north-central Georgia for heavy rain rates.

    Southeast Florida: Marginal ERO continues for any remaining isolated cells with heavy rates on multi-day saturated soils. Coverage expected lower than prior days; risk is highly localized.

    Southeast Colorado: Small Marginal ERO for localized heavy rain from slow-moving convection this evening into overnight. Not widespread; minor flood impacts possible on wet ground.

    Just-Hit

    Flash Flood Warning active in north-central Georgia (Fannin, Gilmer, Union, Murray Counties) issued 8:55 PM EST November 4 for ongoing or imminent flash flooding from thunderstorms. Preliminary details limited; monitor local NWS for updates. No widespread severe reports elevated beyond the Marginal outlook as of desk time. Prior Mississippi Valley activity has shifted east.

    Pulse Table

    LaneStatusNotes (as of ~9:16 PM PST / 05:16 UTC Nov 5 2026)
    TropicalNoneNo tropical cyclones in the Atlantic, Caribbean, or Gulf. NHC: 30%/50% chance for western/central Atlantic non-tropical low to acquire subtropical characteristics over 48h/7 days, moving east; no U.S. coastal or Gulf watches or warnings.
    SevereMarginalSPC Day 1 (0100Z Nov 5): MARGINAL RISK portions of the Southeast. Isolated/sporadic wind/brief tornado possible. No watches valid. No reports received. Prior MS Valley Marginal shifted east and contracted.
    FloodMarginalWPC Day 1 Marginal Risk SE Florida, S Appalachians, SE Colorado. Active FFW north-central GA until 3 AM EST Thursday. No Moderate or higher. Prior Slight closed.

    Restoration Read

    Quiet Pulse with isolated severe potential and residual/localized flood concerns. Primary short-term ticket is flash flooding and rapid runoff in north-central Georgia under the active Flash Flood Warning, plus any isolated wind or brief tornado damage in the Southeast Marginal Risk area. Southeast Florida residual urban flooding possible but downward-trending. No organized widespread damage expected. Monitor for water intrusion, debris, high water on roads, and tree/wind damage. Turn around, don’t drown.

    What This Is Not

    This is a Quiet Pulse. No SPC Slight or higher severe risk on the latest Day 1 outlook. No WPC Moderate or higher excessive rainfall on Day 1. No tropical storm or hurricane watch or warning on the U.S. coast or Gulf. This desk summarizes public products from the SPC, WPC, NWS, and NHC.

    Looking Ahead One Day

    Severe threat expected to diminish further as the front progresses eastward overnight into the Carolinas. Flood concerns remain localized and Marginal. Drier air building behind the system. No significant tropical development threatening U.S. land in the near term.

    Rising Queries

    tornado warning, flash flood warning Georgia, southeast storms, Florida rain, severe weather Southeast.

    Sources

    Official products: Storm Prediction Center (Day 1 Outlook 0100Z November 5), Weather Prediction Center (Day 1 Excessive Rainfall Outlook and discussion 759 PM EST November 4), National Weather Service (Flash Flood Warning north Georgia and watches/warnings summary), National Hurricane Center (Tropical Weather Outlook). Previous desk: quiet-pulse-2026-11-04-afternoon.

    Disclaimer: This is a summary of official public products from the Storm Prediction Center, Weather Prediction Center, National Weather Service, and National Hurricane Center. Informational only — not an official weather warning. Always check weather.gov for local forecasts and warnings. Turn around, don’t drown.

  • Storm Updates: Quiet Pulse — Nov 4

    Storm Updates: Quiet Pulse — Nov 4

    Tropical: None · Severe: Marginal · Flood: Marginal

    What Changed

    • Compared with the November 3 afternoon desk (quiet-pulse-2026-11-03-afternoon: Tropical: None · Severe: Marginal · Flood: Slight): Latest SPC Day 1 (0100 UTC November 5, issued 0657 PM CST Wednesday November 4, valid 050100Z–051200Z) continues a Marginal Risk of severe thunderstorms across portions of the Southeast. Isolated sporadic wind gusts and a brief tornado remain possible this evening. No upgrade to Slight or higher. Prior Lower-to-Mid Mississippi Valley Marginal has shifted east and contracted.
    • WPC Day 1 Excessive Rainfall Outlook (updated 0053 UTC November 5 / discussion 759 PM EST November 4 by Chenard, valid 01 UTC Nov 05–12 UTC Nov 05) holds a Marginal Risk for portions of Southeast Florida, the Southern Appalachians, and a small area of Southeast Colorado. No Moderate or higher. Prior Slight areas have remained closed.
    • National Weather Service Flash Flood Warning remains in effect for Fannin, Gilmer, northwestern Union, and Murray Counties in north-central Georgia until 3:00 AM EST Thursday November 5. Radar-indicated thunderstorms producing 1–2 inches per hour with additional 1–2 inches possible. Isolated flash flooding of creeks, streams, urban areas, and roads ongoing or expected.
    • No convective watches currently valid (SPC confirms none as of late evening). No tropical storm or hurricane watch or warning on the U.S. coast or Gulf. NHC Tropical Weather Outlook notes a non-tropical low a few hundred miles south of Bermuda with 30% chance of acquiring subtropical characteristics in 48 hours and 50% in 7 days, moving slowly eastward; no U.S. threat.
    • Nothing moved into Slight or higher on SPC or Moderate or higher on WPC ERO. Isolated severe wind and brief tornado potential remains in the Southeast Marginal; flood lane holds at Marginal with one active FFW in north Georgia. No new storm reports received.

    As of the afternoon desk on Wednesday, November 4, 2026 (approximately 9:18 PM PST / 05:18 UTC November 5), the national picture is a Quiet Pulse. The Storm Prediction Center’s latest Day 1 Convective Outlook states: “THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PORTIONS OF THE SOUTHEAST.” Thunderstorms with sporadic wind gusts and a brief tornado will remain possible across parts of the Southeast this evening.

    What Is Live

    SPC Day 1 (0100Z November 5 / 6:57 PM CST by Lyons) lists a Marginal Risk (Level 1 of 5) across portions of the Southeast. Evening radar and satellite show a band of predominately disorganized convection along and ahead of the cold front from eastern TN to south-central AL, with a more isolated cluster over eastern GA. Modest instability (~500 J/kg MLCAPE) and marginal deep-layer shear (30–35 kt) support occasional stronger updrafts, clusters, and transient supercells. Low-end risk for a brief tornado or damaging gust this evening before the environment stabilizes overnight over eastern GA and the western Carolinas. No watches or active mesoscale discussions elevating the threat beyond Marginal.

    WPC Day 1 ERO maintains Marginal Risk for Southeast Florida (low-end, isolated heavy rates on multi-day saturated soils with reduced coverage expected), Southern Appalachians (training showers with embedded thunderstorms possible, terrain influence), and a small Marginal in Southeast Colorado (slow-moving convection under upper low, localized 1–3 inches on wet antecedent conditions). Active Flash Flood Warning in north Georgia as noted. No higher risks.

    No convective watches valid. NHC confirms no named tropical cyclones or U.S. coastal/Gulf watches or warnings.

    Hotspots

    Southeast (AL/GA/SC, east TN): Marginal severe risk for sporadic wind gusts and a brief tornado this evening along the cold front and in shear-favorable zones. Overlaps with Marginal ERO in southern Appalachians and the active Flash Flood Warning in north-central Georgia for heavy rain rates.

    Southeast Florida: Marginal ERO continues for any remaining isolated cells with heavy rates on multi-day saturated soils. Coverage expected lower than prior days; risk is highly localized.

    Southeast Colorado: Small Marginal ERO for localized heavy rain from slow-moving convection this evening into overnight. Not widespread; minor flood impacts possible on wet ground.

    Just-Hit

    Flash Flood Warning active in north-central Georgia (Fannin, Gilmer, Union, Murray Counties) issued 8:55 PM EST November 4 for ongoing or imminent flash flooding from thunderstorms. SPC reports page shows no tornado, hail, or wind reports received for the November 4 day as of desk time. Prior Mississippi Valley activity has shifted east. A short-lived Tornado Warning was issued earlier in central Alabama but expired without elevated reports.

    Pulse Table

    LaneStatusNotes (as of ~9:18 PM PST / 05:18 UTC Nov 5 2026)
    TropicalNoneNo tropical cyclones in the Atlantic, Caribbean, or Gulf. NHC: 30%/50% chance for western/central Atlantic non-tropical low to acquire subtropical characteristics over 48h/7 days, moving east; no U.S. coastal or Gulf watches or warnings.
    SevereMarginalSPC Day 1 (0100Z Nov 5): MARGINAL RISK portions of the Southeast. Isolated/sporadic wind/brief tornado possible. No watches valid. No reports received. Prior MS Valley Marginal shifted east and contracted.
    FloodMarginalWPC Day 1 Marginal Risk SE Florida, S Appalachians, SE Colorado. Active FFW north-central GA until 3 AM EST Thursday. No Moderate or higher. Prior Slight closed.

    Restoration Read

    Quiet Pulse with isolated severe potential and residual/localized flood concerns. Primary short-term ticket is flash flooding and rapid runoff in north-central Georgia under the active Flash Flood Warning, plus any isolated wind or brief tornado damage in the Southeast Marginal Risk area. Southeast Florida residual urban flooding possible but downward-trending. No organized widespread damage expected. Monitor for water intrusion, debris, high water on roads, and tree/wind damage. Turn around, don’t drown.

    What This Is Not

    This is a Quiet Pulse. No SPC Slight or higher severe risk on the latest Day 1 outlook. No WPC Moderate or higher excessive rainfall on Day 1. No tropical storm or hurricane watch or warning on the U.S. coast or Gulf. This desk summarizes public products from the SPC, WPC, NWS, and NHC.

    Looking Ahead One Day

    Severe threat expected to diminish further as the front progresses eastward overnight into the Carolinas. Flood concerns remain localized and Marginal. Drier air building behind the system. No significant tropical development threatening U.S. land in the near term.

    Rising Queries

    tornado warning, flash flood warning Georgia, southeast storms, Florida rain, severe weather Southeast.

    Sources

    Official products: Storm Prediction Center (Day 1 Outlook 0100Z November 5), Weather Prediction Center (Day 1 Excessive Rainfall Outlook and discussions), National Weather Service (Flash Flood Warning north Georgia and watches/warnings summary), National Hurricane Center (Tropical Weather Outlook). Previous desk: quiet-pulse-2026-11-03-afternoon. No morning desk published for November 4.

    Disclaimer: This is a summary of official public products from the Storm Prediction Center, Weather Prediction Center, National Weather Service, and National Hurricane Center. Informational only — not an official weather warning. Always check weather.gov for local forecasts and warnings. Turn around, don’t drown.

  • Storm Updates: Quiet Pulse — Nov 3

    Storm Updates: Quiet Pulse — Nov 3

    Tropical: None · Severe: Marginal · Flood: Slight

    What Changed

    • Compared with this morning’s pulse table (quiet-pulse-2026-11-03-morning: Tropical: None · Severe: Marginal · Flood: Slight): SPC Day 1 (2000 UTC November 3, issued 0200 PM CST) holds the Marginal Risk from the Lower Mississippi/Tennessee Valleys into the Mid Mississippi Valley (~213,741 sq mi). No upgrade or contraction of note.
    • WPC Day 1 Excessive Rainfall Outlook (updated 0058 UTC Wednesday November 4 / discussion 808 PM EST November 3 by Chenard) maintains the Slight Risk across portions of Mississippi and Tennessee and over parts of Southeast Florida. Considered a drop to Marginal based on progressive line and lower rates but kept Slight for potential low-level jet uptick and training overnight.
    • No convective watches currently valid. Prior Plains Tornado Watches expired. Preliminary LSRs remain limited to three tree-down wind reports (Magnolia AR, Doyline LA). Active Flash Flood Warnings continue in northern Broward County FL (until 1100 PM EST) and Coconino County AZ (Havasu Creek basin, extended until 900 PM MST).
    • Tropical lane remains None. National Hurricane Center confirms no tropical cyclones in the Atlantic, Caribbean, or Gulf. Western Atlantic disturbance holds low formation chances; no U.S. coastal or Gulf watches or warnings.

    As of the afternoon desk on Tuesday, November 3, 2026 (approximately 8:16 PM PST / 04:16 UTC November 4), the national picture is a Quiet Pulse. The Storm Prediction Center’s latest Day 1 Convective Outlook (2000 UTC November 3) states: “THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS FROM THE LOWER MS/TN VALLEYS INTO THE MID MS VALLEY.” Isolated severe wind gusts and perhaps a brief tornado or two remain possible this afternoon and tonight from the Sabine and Lower Mississippi Valleys northward into the Mid Mississippi Valley.

    What Is Live

    SPC Day 1 (2000Z November 3 / 2:00 PM CST) lists a Marginal Risk (Level 1 of 5) covering ~213,741 square miles and ~17.5 million people, including Memphis, Nashville, St. Louis, Des Moines, and Little Rock. Strongest activity focused in advance of a speed max across northwest Louisiana with a few supercell structures and bowing segments expected to spread eastward into the Ark-La-Miss this evening. Low-level shear has peaked; threat is isolated wind damage and a tornado or two into tonight toward northwest Alabama. Farther north into the Mid Mississippi Valley, buoyancy is limited; any isolated low-topped supercells or line segments carry a lower-end wind threat.

    WPC Day 1 Excessive Rainfall Outlook (valid 01 UTC November 4 – 12 UTC November 4) holds a Slight Risk (Level 2 of 4) from portions of central Mississippi into central Tennessee where eastward-moving convection may pose an isolated to scattered flash flood risk through the overnight hours. A small Slight Risk also covers parts of Southeast Florida for conditional flash flooding along the urban corridor. Residual Flood Warnings and Flash Flood Warnings remain active in parts of Florida and Arizona. No Moderate or higher ERO.

    No convective watches are currently valid. Mesoscale discussions from earlier in the day have expired. Preliminary local storm reports for today include tree-down reports 2 S Magnolia (Columbia County, AR) and 1 N Doyline (Webster County, LA). No tornado or hail reports received.

    Hotspots

    Lower Mississippi to Tennessee Valleys (AR/LA/MS/TN/KY): Marginal severe (isolated wind/brief tornado) overlapping Slight excessive rainfall. Training risk noted over Mississippi into Tennessee overnight with increasing low-level jet. Primary residual concern is localized flash flooding and tree/wind damage on progressive line segments.

    Southeast Florida: Small Slight Risk ERO for additional heavy downpours on saturated soils from multi-day rainfall. Active Flash Flood Warning for northern Broward County until 1100 PM EST; residual Flood Warnings continue. Localized urban/street flooding remains possible.

    Mid Mississippi Valley (MO/IA) and residual Arizona: Northern edge of the Marginal Risk with limited buoyancy supporting only isolated low-topped activity. Separate residual Flash Flood Warning continues for the Havasu Creek basin in Coconino County, Arizona.

    Just-Hit

    Preliminary LSRs (as of the SPC today page, 1200 UTC November 3 – 1159 UTC November 4): wind reports of trees down on AR-19 south of Magnolia (Columbia County, AR) at 1815/1850 UTC and on LA-164 near Doyline (Webster County, LA) at 1908 UTC. No tornado or hail reports received. Prior Plains activity has cleared eastward.

    Pulse Table

    LaneStatusNotes (as of ~8:16 PM PST / 04:16 UTC Nov 4 2026)
    TropicalNoneNo tropical cyclones in the Atlantic, Caribbean, or Gulf. NHC: low chance for western Atlantic disturbance; no U.S. coastal or Gulf watches or warnings.
    SevereMarginalSPC Day 1 (2000Z Nov 3): MARGINAL RISK Lower MS/TN into Mid MS Valley (~214k sq mi). Prior Plains Slight closed. No watches valid. Isolated wind/brief tornado possible.
    FloodSlightWPC Day 1 Slight Risk MS/TN and SE Florida. Active FFWs Broward FL and Coconino AZ. Residual Flood Warnings. No Moderate or higher.

    Restoration Read

    Quiet Pulse with an elevated residual flood lane and isolated severe potential. Primary short-term ticket is localized flash flooding and rapid runoff in the Lower Mississippi Valley/Mid-South and Southeast Florida under the Slight ERO, on already saturated soils from multi-day rainfall, plus minor tree/wind damage from isolated gusts in the Marginal Risk area. Monitor active Flash Flood Warnings in Broward County FL and residual water in Arizona. No organized widespread damage expected. Monitor for water intrusion, debris, high water on roads, and residual coastal flooding. Turn around, don’t drown.

    What This Is Not

    This is a Quiet Pulse. No SPC Slight or higher severe risk on the latest Day 1 outlook. No WPC Moderate or higher excessive rainfall on Day 1. No tropical storm or hurricane watch or warning on the U.S. coast or Gulf. This desk summarizes public products from the SPC, WPC, NWS, and NHC.

    Looking Ahead One Day

    Day 2 ERO shows Marginal Risk remaining over Southeast Florida and from the Tennessee Valley into the Lower Ohio Valley/Southern Appalachians. Severe threat is expected to diminish further as the system progresses east. Drier conditions building behind the front across much of the Plains and Mid-South.

    Rising Queries

    tornado warning, flash flood warning, florida flooding, mississippi valley storms, southeast florida rain.

    Sources

    Official products: Storm Prediction Center (Day 1 Outlook 2000Z November 3, today’s LSRs), Weather Prediction Center (Day 1 Excessive Rainfall Outlook and discussion 808 PM EST November 3), National Weather Service (watches, warnings, residual Flood/Flash Flood Warnings including Broward FL and Coconino AZ), National Hurricane Center (Atlantic quiet, no tropical cyclones). This morning’s desk: quiet-pulse-2026-11-03-morning.

    Disclaimer: This is a summary of official public products from the Storm Prediction Center, Weather Prediction Center, National Weather Service, and National Hurricane Center. Informational only — not an official weather warning. Always check weather.gov for local forecasts and warnings. Turn around, don’t drown.

  • Storm Updates: Quiet Pulse — Nov 03 Morning

    Storm Updates: Quiet Pulse — Nov 03 Morning

    Tropical: None · Severe: Marginal · Flood: Slight

    What Changed

    • Compared with the November 2 afternoon desk pulse table (quiet-pulse-2026-11-02-afternoon: Tropical: None · Severe: Slight · Flood: Slight): SPC Day 1 has dropped from Slight Risk across the southern and central Plains to a Marginal Risk from the Lower Mississippi/Tennessee Valleys into the Mid Mississippi Valley. Overnight tornado watches over KS/OK/TX expired. No current convective watches as of late evening UTC November 3 / early November 4.
    • WPC Day 1 Excessive Rainfall Outlook (latest discussion 808 PM EST Tue Nov 3 / ~0058 UTC Wed Nov 4) maintains a Slight Risk from portions of central Mississippi into central Tennessee and over parts of Southeast Florida. Residual flood warnings continue in Florida and Arizona.
    • Tropical lane remains None. National Hurricane Center confirms no tropical cyclones in the Atlantic, Caribbean, or Gulf. A western Atlantic disturbance has low (10% in 48 hours, 30% in 7 days) chance of subtropical development; no U.S. coastal or Gulf watches or warnings. No named storm.
    • Active Flash Flood Warning remains for northern Broward County, Florida (issued 857 PM EST Nov 3), and Flash Flood Warning extended for Havasu Creek basin, Arizona. No Slight or higher SPC risk, no Moderate or higher WPC ERO. Quiet Pulse criteria hold.
    • Nothing moved into Slight or higher on SPC or Moderate or higher on WPC ERO. Isolated severe potential remains marginal this evening and tonight.

    Live Status

    As of the morning desk on Tuesday, November 3, 2026 (evening confirmation ~9:14 PM PST / 05:14 UTC November 4), the national picture is a Quiet Pulse. The Storm Prediction Center’s latest Day 1 Convective Outlook (0100 UTC November 4 cycle, issued 0637 PM CST Tue Nov 3) states: “THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF THE LOWER TO MID MISSISSIPPI VALLEY.” Thunderstorms with potential for isolated severe wind gusts and perhaps a brief tornado remain possible this evening and tonight across the lower to mid Mississippi Valley. Prior Plains Slight Risk has closed.

    The Weather Prediction Center Day 1 Excessive Rainfall Outlook maintains a Slight Risk of excessive rainfall across portions of Mississippi and Tennessee and over parts of Southeast Florida. Convection is generally progressive, but low-level jet and moisture transport may support some training overnight over central MS into central TN, keeping a lower-end Slight risk. Southeast Florida has a conditional flash flood risk along the urban corridor. No Moderate or higher risk.

    National Weather Service watches and warnings include an active Flash Flood Warning for northern Broward County in southeastern Florida until 1100 PM EST (radar-indicated heavy rain, 2-3 inches already fallen, additional 1-2 inches possible), and an extended Flash Flood Warning for the Havasu Creek basin in Coconino County, Arizona (river gauge rise). Additional Flood Warnings persist across Florida, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Missouri, Nebraska, New Mexico, and Utah. No severe thunderstorm or tornado watches are currently in effect. No tropical cyclone products threaten the U.S. coast or Gulf of America.

    Pulse Table

    LaneStatusNotes (as of ~9:14 PM PST / 05:14 UTC Nov 4 2026)
    TropicalNoneNo tropical cyclones in the Atlantic, Caribbean, or Gulf. NHC: low chance (10% 48h / 30% 7d) of subtropical development for western Atlantic disturbance south of Bermuda; no U.S. coastal or Gulf watches or warnings.
    SevereMarginalSPC Day 1 (0100Z Nov 4): MARGINAL RISK Lower to Mid MS Valley. Isolated severe wind and brief tornado potential this evening/tonight. No active watches. Prior Plains Slight closed.
    FloodSlightWPC Day 1 ERO Slight Risk portions of MS/TN and SE Florida. Active FFW northern Broward FL and Havasu Creek AZ. Residual river flooding continues. No Moderate or higher.

    Rising Queries

    Trends unreachable this run. Related interest centers on Florida flooding, Election Day weather, Mississippi Valley storms, and flash flood Florida.

    Restoration Read

    Quiet Pulse with an elevated residual flood lane. Primary short-term ticket is localized flash flooding and rapid runoff in northern Broward County, Florida, and residual water over the Lower Mississippi to Tennessee Valleys under the Slight Risk, on already saturated soils especially along the Florida east coast. Isolated severe wind and brief tornado potential under the Marginal Risk over the Mississippi Valley through tonight. Overnight Plains severe reports have closed. No tropical restoration drivers.

    Disclaimer: Informational only — not an official warning. This is a summary of official public products from the Storm Prediction Center, Weather Prediction Center, National Weather Service, and National Hurricane Center. Always consult the latest official forecasts and warnings for your location. Turn around, don’t drown.

  • Storm Updates: Plains Severe — Nov 2

    Storm Updates: Plains Severe — Nov 2

    Tropical: None · Severe: Slight · Flood: Slight

    What Changed

    • Compared with this morning’s pulse table (quiet-pulse-2026-11-02-morning: Tropical: None · Severe: Enhanced · Flood: Slight): SPC Day 1 has been updated. Earlier cycles (including 1300 UTC and 1630 UTC) carried an Enhanced Risk across north-central Oklahoma and south-central Kansas. The latest 0100 UTC November 3 outlook (issued 0700 PM CST November 2 / 0100Z November 3, valid 030100Z–031200Z) holds a Slight Risk of severe thunderstorms across parts of the southern and central Plains. A line of strong to severe storms is ongoing from far southern Kansas into southwest Oklahoma, with QLCS tornado potential and damaging winds. Tornado Watches 701, 702, and 703 remain active covering portions of Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas.
    • WPC Day 1 Excessive Rainfall Outlook (updated 0100 UTC November 3, discussion 802 PM EST November 2) maintains a Slight Risk for portions of central and southern Florida, focused along the east coast. The prior Moderate Risk over the Four Corners / Southwest has been removed; Plains flash-flood risk was lowered and the Slight removed with this update as storm mode is progressive.
    • Tropical lane remains closed. National Hurricane Center confirms no tropical cyclones in the Atlantic, Caribbean, or Gulf of America. A western Atlantic disturbance has a 30 percent chance of subtropical development over the next 7 days but no U.S. coastal or Gulf watches or warnings.
    • Active Tornado Watches 701 (expires 0400 UTC Nov 3), 702 (expires 0500 UTC), and 703 (expires 0900 UTC) plus mesoscale discussions confirm ongoing severe potential with embedded rotating elements and possible gusts above 70 mph. Preliminary LSRs include hail reports near Norman, Moore, and Kingfisher, Oklahoma, and wind gusts to 59–61 mph near Hobart, Oklahoma, and Elkhart, Kansas. No confirmed tornado reports in the latest summary.
    • Nothing material upgraded beyond Slight on the severe or flood lanes. The Enhanced window has closed; the overnight progression into Missouri and Arkansas continues under the Slight.

    Live Status

    As of the afternoon desk on Monday, November 2, 2026 (approximately 8:16 PM PST / 04:16 UTC November 3), the national picture centers on the southern and central Plains. The Storm Prediction Center’s latest Day 1 Convective Outlook (0100 UTC November 3 cycle) states: “THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PARTS OF THE SOUTHERN AND CENTRAL PLAINS.” Severe thunderstorms with damaging wind gusts, hail, and a few tornadoes are expected this evening into tonight, with the threat impacting western Missouri and northwest Arkansas overnight. A line of storms is tracking east-northeast across central Oklahoma into south-central Kansas under 65–70 knots of deep-layer shear and mid-level jet support. Discrete cells near the Red River carry supercell potential. The Weather Prediction Center Day 1 Excessive Rainfall Outlook holds a Slight Risk across central and southern Florida. No tropical storm or hurricane watch or warning is in effect on the U.S. coast or Gulf of America.

    Hotspots

    • Southern and central Plains (Oklahoma, Kansas, northwest Texas): Primary focus under SPC Slight Risk and active Tornado Watches 701–703. Ongoing linear mode with embedded mesovortices capable of QLCS tornadoes and damaging winds to 70+ mph. Further south near the Red River, discrete supercells possible with hail, wind, and tornado risk as the low-level jet ramps up. Expect the severe threat to progress eastward into western Missouri and northwest Arkansas overnight.
    • Central and southern Florida: WPC Slight Risk of excessive rainfall, focused along the east coast. Low-level easterly flow and coastal convergence support localized extreme rainfall potential overnight despite decreasing coverage. Residual Flash Flood Warnings noted earlier in Broward and Palm Beach counties.
    • Residual Southwest: Prior Moderate excessive rainfall and Flash Flood Warnings across Arizona (including burn scars and river gauges) have largely wound down. Isolated residual flooding possible on saturated soils, but not the dominant lane today.

    Just-Hit

    Preliminary SPC local storm reports for the current period include hail near Norman, Moore, and Kingfisher, Oklahoma (up to 1.25 inches), and measured wind gusts to 59–61 mph near Hobart, Oklahoma, and Elkhart, Kansas. Tree limbs and a trampoline reported damaged in Rooks County, Kansas. No confirmed tornado reports in the latest filtered summary reviewed. Tornado Watch 701 issued at 1925 UTC November 2; additional watches 702 and 703 issued later. Downstream considerations remain for eastern Oklahoma into Missouri and Arkansas.

    Pulse Table

    LaneStatusNotes (as of ~8:16 PM PST / 04:16 UTC Nov 3 2026)
    TropicalNoneNo tropical cyclones in the Atlantic, Caribbean, or Gulf. NHC: 30% chance of subtropical development for a western Atlantic disturbance over 7 days; no U.S. coastal or Gulf watches or warnings.
    SevereSlightSPC Day 1 (0100Z Nov 3): SLIGHT RISK southern and central Plains (~134k sq mi). Earlier Enhanced over N-central OK / S-central KS closed. Tornado Watches 701, 702, 703 active KS/OK/TX. Ongoing line with QLCS tornado and damaging wind threat. MDs including 2435/2437.
    FloodSlightWPC Day 1 ERO Slight Risk central and southern Florida (east coast focus). Prior Southwest Moderate closed. Plains Slight removed. Residual FFWs possible in FL and AZ.

    Restoration Read

    Primary short-term ticket is wind and possible tornado damage (roofs, siding, trees, power lines, outbuildings) across central Oklahoma into southern Kansas under the active watches and ongoing line. Secondary is localized flash flooding and urban ponding in central and southern Florida under the Slight ERO. Residual Southwest water extraction possible but lower priority. No named tropical restoration file. Stage for overnight progression into Missouri and Arkansas.

    What This Is Not

    This is not a Quiet Pulse. SPC Slight Risk and active Tornado Watches are open. WPC holds Slight, not Moderate or higher. No tropical storm or hurricane watch or warning on the U.S. coast or Gulf of America. This desk summarizes public products from the SPC, WPC, NWS, and NHC. Informational only — not an official warning.

    Looking Ahead One Day

    SPC Day 2 outlook (valid 031200Z–041200Z) holds a Marginal Risk of severe thunderstorms from east Texas and the Ark-La-Miss to the Mid Mississippi Valley. Scattered storms may produce damaging gusts and a couple of tornadoes, primarily with embedded line segments and limited buoyancy. WPC Day 2 points to continued localized heavy rain potential. The Plains severe window should diminish overnight into Tuesday as the system progresses east. Monitor for residual flooding on already wet ground.

    Rising Queries

    Trends unreachable.

    Sources

    Official products: Storm Prediction Center (Day 1 Outlook 0100Z November 3 / 0700 PM CST November 2, Tornado Watches 701–703, Mesoscale Discussions, today’s LSRs), Weather Prediction Center (Day 1 Excessive Rainfall Outlook and discussion 802 PM EST November 2), National Weather Service (watches, warnings, and advisories), National Hurricane Center (Atlantic quiet, Tropical Weather Outlook 700 PM EST November 2). Morning desk: quiet-pulse-2026-11-02-morning.

    Informational only — not an official weather warning. Follow local authorities and the National Weather Service. Turn around, don’t drown.

  • Radon Laws in Florida: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules

    Radon Laws in Florida: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules

    The Short Answer

    Florida regulates radon through mandatory institutional facility testing, commercial contractor certification, and statutory contract disclosures under Florida Statutes § 404.056. While testing in private homes is voluntary, Florida law mandates radon testing for public and private K-12 schools, state-licensed day care centers and state-owned/operated/regulated 24-hour care facilities in counties designated Intermediate or Elevated Radon Potential on the Florida Radon Protection Map. Furthermore, Florida requires the statutory radon notification on at least one document executed at or before a sale contract or rental agreement, and mandates that all commercial radon testers, mitigators, and laboratories be certified by the Florida Department of Health (FDOH).

    Testing Requirements

    Florida enforces mandatory testing in designated institutional facilities under Fla. Stat. § 404.056(4). All public and private kindergarten through grade 12 schools, state-licensed child care facilities, day care centers, nursing homes, and 24-hour residential care facilities in designated counties must undergo radon testing within one year of opening and repeat testing every five years. Facility administrators must report test results to FDOH. For private single-family homeowners and standard commercial properties, radon testing is voluntary under state law.

    Real-Estate Disclosure

    Florida law mandates statutory radon disclosure under Fla. Stat. § 404.056(5). Every contract for the sale of residential real property and every residential lease agreement must contain a specific, verbatim notification in conspicuous print explaining the nature of radon gas, noting that levels exceeding federal guidelines have been found in buildings in Florida, and directing parties to the county health department. In addition, under Florida Supreme Court precedent (Johnson v. Davis), sellers have a legal duty to disclose known material latent defects not readily observable by the buyer.

    Mitigator & Tester Certification

    Under Fla. Stat. § 404.056(2) and Florida Administrative Code (F.A.C.) Chapter 64E-5 Part XII, anyone performing radon measurement, mitigation, or laboratory analysis for compensation must be certified by the Florida Department of Health. The department certifies Radon Measurement Specialists, Radon Measurement Technicians, Radon Mitigation Specialists, Radon Mitigation Businesses, and Radon Laboratories. Certified professionals must pass state-approved examinations, complete approved continuing education, follow FDOH measurement protocols, and submit monthly activity reports documenting all Florida projects.

    New Construction

    Radon-resistant construction is addressed through the Florida Building Code (FBC) — Residential, Appendix E (Radon Control Methods). Appendix E provides technical construction standards for passive soil depressurization systems in new residential construction. While Appendix E is not applied as a mandatory statewide requirement across all Florida jurisdictions, local building departments in designated counties with elevated radon potential (such as areas near phosphate mining operations) are authorized to enforce Appendix E standards for new construction.

    Radon Zones & the Action Level

    Florida has an entirely distinct radon profile compared to northern states: there are zero EPA Zone 1 counties in Florida. The state is predominantly classified as EPA Zone 3 (Low Potential, predicted average indoor levels < 2.0 pCi/L). However, a cluster of counties in north-central and central Florida—associated with natural phosphate geological deposits—are classified as Zone 2 (Moderate Potential, 2.0 to 4.0 pCi/L), including Alachua, Citrus, Gilchrist, Hillsborough, Levy, Marion, Polk, and Union counties. FDOH adheres to the EPA action level of 4.0 pCi/L. See county-level details on our EPA Radon Zone Map guide.

    The State’s Radon Program

    The state regulatory program is the Florida Department of Health (FDOH) — Radon and Indoor Air Program (floridahealth.gov/environmental-health/radon/index.html). Property owners can access the certified radon contractor registry, order educational materials, review institutional facility compliance guidelines, or call the FDOH Radon Hotline at (800) 543-8279.

    Sources & Limits

    This regulatory guide is provided for educational and informational purposes only and does not constitute formal legal, building code, or medical advice. Statutory mandates and administrative rules are subject to legislative update. Always confirm specific requirements with the Florida Department of Health or qualified legal counsel.

    Primary Official Sources: Florida Department of Health (FDOH) Radon and Indoor Air Program; Florida Statutes § 404.056; Florida Administrative Code Chapter 64E-5 Part XII; Florida Building Code; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Map of Radon Zones for Florida).

    Return to our national guide on Radon Regulations in the United States or inspect national county risk rankings on the EPA Radon Zone Map.

  • Radon Regulations in the United States: How State Laws Differ

    Radon Regulations in the United States: How State Laws Differ

    In the United States, radon regulation is defined by a striking contrast: while federal public health agencies establish scientific risk baselines and national testing benchmarks, legal authority to mandate testing, mitigation, or building standards rests entirely with state and local jurisdictions. Because the federal government imposes no universal radon mandate on private residential property, homeowners, home buyers, and real estate professionals must navigate a fragmented patchwork of state statutes, health department administrative rules, and municipal building codes.

    The Federal EPA Framework

    The foundation of U.S. radon policy was codified under the Indoor Radon Abatement Act of 1988 (15 U.S.C. §§ 2661–2671), which established the long-term national goal that indoor air across the United States should be as free of radon as ambient outdoor air (approximately 0.4 picocuries per liter of air, or pCi/L). To provide actionable guidance for property owners and policymakers, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) established a national recommended action level of 4.0 pCi/L. If indoor radon levels meet or exceed 4.0 pCi/L, the EPA strongly advises installing an active soil depressurization or mitigation system; for levels between 2.0 and 4.0 pCi/L, the agency suggests considering mitigation to further reduce lung cancer risk.

    To assist national, state, and local governments in targeting resources and adopting building codes, the EPA developed the Map of Radon Zones, categorizing every county in the nation into three risk categories:

    • Zone 1 (High Potential): Predicted average indoor screening levels greater than 4.0 pCi/L.
    • Zone 2 (Moderate Potential): Predicted average indoor screening levels between 2.0 and 4.0 pCi/L.
    • Zone 3 (Low Potential): Predicted average indoor screening levels less than 2.0 pCi/L.

    Crucially, federal law establishes guidelines, technical protocols, and state indoor radon grant funding, but creates no federal requirement for individual homeowners to test or mitigate existing dwellings. For detailed geographical analysis of county risk tiers across the nation, consult our EPA Radon Zone Map guide.

    Four Dimensions Where State Laws Differ

    Because federal oversight ends with advisory guidelines, states have legislated radon risk across four distinct regulatory dimensions:

    1. Real Estate Disclosure Laws

    Real estate transactions represent the most common commercial pressure point for radon testing. State disclosure laws fall into three general categories:

    • Statutory Awareness Acts: States like Minnesota (Minn. Stat. § 144.496) and Colorado (SB 23-206) require sellers (and in Colorado, residential landlords) to provide formal written disclosure forms, distribute official state health department educational publications, disclose all historical test records, and incorporate statutory health warning statements into contracts before execution.
    • Standard Property Condition Disclosures: States such as Nebraska (Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-2,120), New Jersey, and Washington (RCW 64.06.020) include specific radon questions on mandatory property condition statements, obligating sellers to disclose known test data or installed mitigation systems.
    • Caveat Emptor / Common Law States: States like Massachusetts and Georgia lack radon-specific disclosure statutes, relying instead on common-law prohibitions against active fraud or concealment of known material latent defects, leaving testing to purchase contract inspection contingencies.

    2. Mitigator and Tester Credentialing

    Consumer protection standards for commercial radon professionals vary widely across state lines:

    • Independent State Licensing Boards: States including Minnesota (MDH), New Jersey (NJDEP), Colorado (DORA), Florida (FDOH), and Nebraska (DHHS) mandate comprehensive state licenses or certifications. In these states, performing measurement, mitigation, or laboratory analysis for compensation without an active state credential is a statutory violation. Minnesota further mandates that every installed system carry a serialized state tracking tag.
    • Statutory National Board Adoption: Virginia (Va. Code § 32.1-229.01) makes commercial testing or mitigation unlawful without active proficiency certification from national boards—specifically the National Radon Proficiency Program (NRPP) or the National Radon Safety Board (NRSB)—without maintaining an independent state credentialing bureaucracy.
    • Voluntary / Unregulated States: Jurisdictions such as Massachusetts, Washington, and Georgia operate no state credentialing programs, directly pointing consumers and building officials to the NRPP and NRSB national rosters.

    3. Institutional and School Testing Mandates

    While testing in existing single-family homes is universally voluntary for private owners, several states mandate routine monitoring in sensitive institutional facilities:

    • Mandatory School and Childcare Testing: Florida (F.S. § 404.056) mandates testing across all public/private K-12 schools, state-licensed daycares, and 24-hour care facilities in designated counties. New Jersey (N.J.S.A. 18A:20-40) mandates testing in public school buildings and licensed child care centers every five years. Virginia (Va. Code § 22.1-138) mandated historical baseline testing of all public schools with ongoing reporting to the health department.
    • Voluntary School Frameworks: In Minnesota, Nebraska, Colorado, Massachusetts, Washington, and Georgia, testing in existing school buildings is conducted voluntarily by local school boards, often utilizing state health department grants or national ANSI/AARST testing protocols.

    4. Radon-Resistant New Construction (RRNC) Building Codes

    Radon-resistant new construction techniques—such as passive soil-gas collection layers, vapor retarders, vertical PVC vent pipes, and sealed foundation perimeters—are enforced through building code adoptions:

    • Statewide Mandatory RRNC: Minnesota mandates passive radon control statewide across all new residential construction via Minnesota Statutes § 326B.106 and International Residential Code (IRC) Appendix F. Nebraska mandates passive RRNC in new residential and educational buildings built after September 1, 2019 (Neb. Rev. Stat. § 76-3501).
    • County-Specific / High-Risk Mandates: Massachusetts (780 CMR Appendix F) enforces mandatory passive RRNC strictly within EPA Zone 1 counties (Essex, Middlesex, and Worcester). Washington (WSRC Appendix F) mandates passive RRNC across seven designated Zone 1 counties. New Jersey (N.J.A.C. 5:23-10) enforces the Radon Hazard Subcode in designated Tier 1 municipalities.
    • Locally Adopted or Voluntary Codes: In Virginia and Georgia, RRNC enforcement depends on local municipal code adoptions or voluntary builder adherence to EPA architectural standards.

    State Radon Laws: Wave 2A Comparison Table

    The table below summarizes the core statutory mechanisms, credentialing standards, and disclosure rules across the top nine state jurisdictions evaluated in Wave 2A. Click any state guide for complete statutory citations, administrative rules, and state program contacts.

    State Primary Statutory / Regulatory Authority Professional Credential Requirement Real Estate Disclosure Rule State Guide
    Minnesota Minn. Stat. §§ 144.496, 144.4961; Minn. Rules Ch. 4620 Mandatory MDH state license + system tagging Mandatory written disclosure, warning statement & MDH guide Radon Laws in Minnesota: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules
    Massachusetts 780 CMR (State Building Code); MDPH Public Health Law Voluntary (MDPH refers to NRPP / NRSB) Common law defect disclosure; contractual inspection Radon Laws in Massachusetts: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules
    Nebraska Neb. Rev. Stat. §§ 71-3501, 76-2,120, 76-3501; Title 180 NAC 11 Mandatory DHHS state license + monthly reports Mandatory Seller Property Condition Disclosure Statement Radon Laws in Nebraska: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules
    New Jersey N.J.S.A. 26:2D-70 et seq.; N.J.A.C. 7:28-27; N.J.A.C. 5:23-10 Mandatory NJDEP state certification Mandatory property disclosure + statutory confidentiality (§ 26:2D-73) Radon Laws in New Jersey: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules
    Colorado SB 23-206; HB 21-1195; C.R.S. §§ 12-165-101, 38-35.7-112, 38-12-803 Mandatory DORA state license Mandatory sales & lease disclosure + statutory tenant remedies Radon Laws in Colorado: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules
    Florida Fla. Stat. § 404.056; F.A.C. Chapter 64E-5 Part XII Mandatory FDOH state certification Mandatory verbatim statutory notification on all sales and leases Radon Laws in Florida: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules
    Washington RCW 64.06.020; Washington State Residential Code App. F Voluntary (WA DOH refers to NRPP / NRSB) Mandatory Seller Disclosure Statement for improved residential Radon Laws in Washington: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules
    Virginia Va. Code §§ 32.1-229.01, 22.1-138, 55.1-703; USBC App. AF NRPP or NRSB listing required by statute (or other EPA/Board-accepted proficiency measures); no separate Virginia license Residential Property Disclosure Statement advises buyer testing Radon Laws in Virginia: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules
    Georgia Georgia Public Health Authority; UGA Extension Educational Program Voluntary (GA DPH refers to NRPP / NRSB) Common law latent defect disclosure; contractual due diligence Radon Laws in Georgia: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules
    North Dakota N.D.C.C. § 47-10-02.2; NDDEQ Radiation Control Rules Voluntary (NDDEQ refers to NRPP / NRSB) Mandatory written disclosure of known radon tests & mitigation systems (§ 47-10-02.2) Radon Laws in North Dakota: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules
    Ohio ORC Chapter 3723; OAC Chapter 3701-69; RCO App. F; ORC § 5302.30 Mandatory ODH state license (Tester, Mitigator, Lab) Mandatory Residential Property Disclosure Form + dual-role notice (§ 3723.06) Radon Laws in Ohio: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules
    Kentucky KRS §§ 211.9101–211.9135; 902 KAR 95:040; KRS § 324.360 Mandatory KDPH registration + NRPP or NRSB certification Mandatory Seller’s Disclosure of Property Condition (KREC) Radon Laws in Kentucky: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules
    Vermont 18 V.S.A. § 104b; Act 72 (School Testing); VDH Health Regulations Voluntary (VDH refers to NRPP / NRSB) Common law defect disclosure; contractual inspection contingencies Radon Laws in Vermont: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules
    Michigan MCL §§ 565.951–565.966; Michigan Residential Code App. F Voluntary (EGLE refers to NRPP / NRSB) Mandatory Seller’s Disclosure Statement (MCL § 565.957) Radon Laws in Michigan: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules
    Connecticut CGS §§ 20-420, 10-220(d), 20-327b; DPH Public Health Code Mandatory DCP registration as Home Improvement Contractor + NRPP/NRSB Mandatory Residential Property Condition Disclosure Report (§ 20-327b) Radon Laws in Connecticut: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules
    Wisconsin Wis. Stat. Chapter 709; SPS Chapter 321 (Uniform Dwelling Code) Voluntary (DHS refers to NRPP / NRSB) Mandatory Real Estate Condition Report (Wis. Stat. § 709.02) Radon Laws in Wisconsin: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules
    Montana Montana Radon Control Act, MCA §§ 75-3-601–75-3-607 Voluntary (DEQ refers to NRPP / NRSB) Mandatory signed statutory radon warning disclosure & test records (MCA § 75-3-606) Radon Laws in Montana: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules
    North Carolina NCGS §§ 47E-1–47E-10; NCREC Real Estate Commission Rules; NCDHHS Voluntary (NCDHHS refers to NRPP / NRSB) Mandatory Residential Property Disclosure Statement (RPOADS) + broker duty to disclose ≥ 4.0 pCi/L Radon Laws in North Carolina: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules
    Utah Utah Code Title 58 (DOPL Rule R156-55a); Utah Code § 57-1-1 et seq. Mandatory DOPL S354 Specialty License + NRPP/NRSB credential (radon mitigation only) Standard Seller’s Property Condition Disclosure (buyer due diligence) Radon Laws in Utah: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules
    West Virginia W. Va. Code §§ 16-34-1–16-34-14; 64 CSR 78; W. Va. Code § 36E-1-1 Mandatory OEHS state license (Radon Mitigator, Tester, Lab) Mandatory Property Condition Disclosure + statutory test confidentiality (§ 16-34-9) Radon Laws in West Virginia: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules
    Tennessee TCA §§ 66-5-201–66-5-210; TDEC Sustainable Practices Radon Program Voluntary (TDEC refers to NRPP / NRSB) Mandatory Tennessee Residential Property Condition Disclosure (TCA § 66-5-212) Radon Laws in Tennessee: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules
    Idaho Idaho Code §§ 55-2501–55-2518; IDHW Indoor Radon Program Voluntary (IDHW refers to NRPP / NRSB) Mandatory Seller’s Property Condition Disclosure Form (§ 55-2504) Radon Laws in Idaho: Testing, Disclosure & Mitigation Rules

    Accessing Official State Programs and Test Kits

    Every state health department maintains a designated radon program or radiation control coordinator supported by federal State Indoor Radon Grants (SIRG). Residents seeking to test their dwellings can obtain subsidized, low-cost short-term and long-term test kits directly through state health agency links or authorized university extension services. Property owners seeking professional mitigation should independently verify contractor credentials through either their state licensing division (in mandatory licensing states) or via the official registries maintained by the National Radon Proficiency Program (NRPP) and the National Radon Safety Board (NRSB).

    For additional architectural and geological context on how soil gas potential impacts local property values and building performance, consult our national EPA Radon Zone Map.

    Sources & Limits

    This regulatory hub is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute formal legal, real estate, or engineering advice. Statutory disclosure requirements, professional licensing standards, and building codes vary by state and local municipality and are subject to legislative amendment. Property buyers, sellers, landlords, and contractors should verify current rules directly with their respective state health department radon programs or qualified legal counsel.

    Primary Official Sources: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Indoor Radon Abatement Act, 15 U.S.C. §§ 2661–2671; EPA Map of Radon Zones), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and official state health department radon programs across all fifty states.

  • Storm Updates: Southwest Moderate Flood — Nov 1

    Storm Updates: Southwest Moderate Flood — Nov 1

    Tropical: None · Severe: Slight · Flood: Moderate

    What Changed

    • Compared with the October 31 afternoon pulse (quiet-pulse-2026-10-31-afternoon: Tropical: None · Severe: None · Flood: Slight): SPC Day 1 Convective Outlook (latest 0100 UTC November 2 / 6:41 PM CST November 1, 2026, valid 020100Z–021200Z) has opened a Slight Risk of severe thunderstorms across parts of New Mexico into the Texas and Oklahoma Panhandles. Threat of severe wind gusts and a few tornadoes this evening into the overnight. Active Severe Thunderstorm Warnings already issued for portions of central New Mexico including the Albuquerque area.
    • WPC Day 1 Excessive Rainfall Outlook (discussion 733 PM EST November 1, valid 01Z November 2–12Z November 2) holds a Moderate Risk of excessive rainfall for portions of the Four Corners region, including high-end Moderate across the Mogollon Rim and San Juan Mountains, with widespread Moderate through canyon areas of northwest Arizona into southwestern Utah. Upgrade from the prior Slight. Atmospheric river / pineapple express on saturated soils. Active Flash Flood Warnings across Arizona (Tucson, Flagstaff, Paria River, etc.).
    • Tropical lane remains None. National Hurricane Center Tropical Weather Outlook (700 PM EST November 1) states tropical cyclone formation is not expected during the next 7 days. No named tropical cyclones. No tropical storm or hurricane watch or warning on the U.S. coast or Gulf of America.
    • Flood Watches remain widespread across Arizona, portions of Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, Nevada, and Florida (Treasure Coast / Palm Beaches). Residual river and flash flooding impacts continue on already saturated Southwest soils from recent multi-week wet pattern.
    • Severe lane opened to Slight and Flood upgraded to Moderate. Dominant ticket is the Moderate excessive rainfall and live flash flooding across the Four Corners / Arizona. Severe wind and tornado potential secondary but live in New Mexico this evening.

    Live Status

    As of the afternoon desk on Sunday, November 1, 2026 (approximately 7:14 PM PDT / 03:14 UTC November 2), the national picture centers on the Southwest. The Storm Prediction Center’s latest Day 1 Convective Outlook confirms a Slight Risk of severe thunderstorms from New Mexico into the southern and central High Plains. Thunderstorms capable of producing severe wind gusts and a few tornadoes are expected this evening into the overnight from parts of New Mexico into the Texas and Oklahoma Panhandles. Water vapor shows a mid-level trough with strong southwesterly flow; storms developing in higher terrain of north-central New Mexico and a line expected to organize and move east-northeastward. Surface dewpoints into the lower to mid 60s F support moderate instability. 0-3 km storm-relative helicity near 350 m²/s² supports tornado potential with embedded supercells. Faster bowing segments may produce gusts above 70 mph. Mesoscale Discussion 2424 noted. No watches currently listed as valid in the latest public products reviewed, but warnings are live.

    The Weather Prediction Center maintains a Moderate Risk of excessive rainfall for portions of the Four Corners. An anomalously strong atmospheric river is driving highly anomalous moisture (PWATs 4-6 sigma above normal) into the Southwest on already saturated soils from a multi-week wet period. High-end Moderate across the Mogollon Rim and San Juan Mountains; widespread Moderate into canyon areas of northwest Arizona into southwestern Utah. Neighborhood probabilities for locally 5 inches or greater remain elevated. Dry washes, arroyos, slot canyons, and burn scars are most susceptible. Flash Flood Warnings active and extended in multiple Arizona counties, including life-threatening flooding on the Paria River and urban/stream flooding near Tucson and Flagstaff. Flood Watches cover large portions of Arizona and adjacent states through early Monday.

    Hotspots

    Four Corners / central and northern Arizona (flood primary): Moderate Risk excessive rainfall with active Flash Flood Warnings. Atmospheric river producing heavy rain rates on saturated ground. Impacts to creeks, washes, urban areas, and low-water crossings. Evacuations reported in areas such as Sedona / Oak Creek. Restoration exposure is water extraction, drying, and infrastructure from runoff.

    New Mexico into Texas and Oklahoma Panhandles (severe): Slight Risk for severe wind and isolated tornadoes this evening through overnight. Line of storms organizing and moving east-northeast. Active Severe Thunderstorm Warnings already covering Albuquerque metro and surrounding counties with 60 mph gust potential. Possible 70+ mph gusts and line-embedded tornadoes farther east.

    East-central Florida (residual flood): Flood Watch in effect for Treasure Coast and Palm Beach County through Monday afternoon. Widespread 1-3 inches possible, isolated 5-7 inches where bands train. Saturated soils from recent rain. Slight Risk residual on WPC for portions of the Florida Peninsula.

    Just-Hit

    Multiple Flash Flood Warnings active or recently extended across Arizona (Tucson area, Flagstaff / Paria River, Graham/Greenlee, etc.) with radar and gauge indications of 1-2 inches already fallen and additional runoff on saturated soils. Severe Thunderstorm Warning issued for Bernalillo, Santa Fe, and adjacent counties in central New Mexico with 60 mph wind gusts indicated by radar. Residual Flood Warnings and watches from prior rainfall continue in the Southwest. Florida coastal and inland flood concerns building with the ongoing disturbance.

    Pulse Table

    LaneStatusNotes (as of ~7:14 PM PDT / 03:14 UTC Nov 2 2026)
    TropicalNoneNo tropical cyclones in the Atlantic, Caribbean, or Gulf. NHC: formation not expected next 7 days. No U.S. coastal or Gulf watches or warnings.
    SevereSlightSPC Day 1 Slight Risk New Mexico into TX/OK Panhandles. Severe wind gusts and few tornadoes expected evening into overnight. Active SVR warnings in NM. No watches listed in latest products reviewed.
    FloodModerateWPC Day 1 ERO Moderate Risk Four Corners (Mogollon Rim, San Juans, NW AZ into SW UT). Active FFWs in AZ. Flood Watches widespread Southwest and FL. Atmospheric river on saturated soils.

    Restoration Read

    Primary ticket is water across Arizona and the Four Corners. Stage for flash flooding, stream rises, and urban ponding on already wet ground. Secondary is wind damage (roofs, siding, trees, power) from the New Mexico severe line this evening into the Panhandles overnight. No tropical restoration file. Florida residual water possible but lower priority than the Southwest Moderate.

    What This Is Not

    Not a named tropical cyclone landfall or coastal surge event. Not an Enhanced or higher severe risk. Not a High excessive rainfall risk (Moderate is the top open lane). Not a quiet day.

    Looking Ahead One Day

    SPC Day 2 outlook shows no severe risk areas for Monday. WPC Day 2 holds a Slight Risk of excessive rainfall for the east coast of Florida. Southwest flood threat should wind down as the atmospheric river shifts, but residual sensitivity remains on saturated soils. Monitor local NWS for lingering warnings.

    Rising Queries

    flood watch, flash flood warning, atmospheric river Arizona, Four Corners flooding, New Mexico thunderstorms.

    Sources

    Official products: Storm Prediction Center (Day 1 Outlook 0100Z November 2), Weather Prediction Center (Day 1 Excessive Rainfall Outlook and discussion 733 PM EST November 1), National Weather Service (watches, warnings, and advisories), National Hurricane Center (Atlantic quiet). Previous desk: quiet-pulse-2026-10-31-afternoon. No morning desk published for November 1.

    Disclaimer: This is a summary of official public products from the Storm Prediction Center, Weather Prediction Center, National Weather Service, and National Hurricane Center. Always consult the latest official forecasts and warnings for your location. This desk does not issue warnings. Turn around, don’t drown.

  • Storm Updates: Southwest Flood & NM Severe — Nov 1

    Storm Updates: Southwest Flood & NM Severe — Nov 1

    As of the afternoon desk on Sunday, November 1, 2026 (approximately 8:16 PM PDT / 04:16 UTC November 2), the national picture centers on the Southwest. The Storm Prediction Center’s latest Day 1 Convective Outlook (0100 UTC update issued 0641 PM CST November 1, valid 020100Z–021200Z) carries a Slight Risk of severe thunderstorms across parts of New Mexico into the Texas and Oklahoma Panhandles. The Weather Prediction Center Day 1 Excessive Rainfall Outlook (issued 0027Z November 2, valid 0100Z–1200Z November 2) maintains a Moderate Risk of excessive rainfall for portions of the Four Corners region. No tropical storm or hurricane watch or warning is in effect on the U.S. coast or Gulf of America.

    Tropical: None · Severe: Slight · Flood: Moderate

    What Changed

    • Compared with this morning’s pulse table (quiet-pulse-2026-11-01-morning: Tropical: None · Severe: Slight · Flood: Moderate): SPC Day 1 (0100 UTC November 2 cycle) holds the Slight Risk. Storms have developed in north-central New Mexico and are organizing into a line expected to move east-northeast into the Panhandles this evening into overnight, with severe wind gusts and a few tornadoes possible. Severe Thunderstorm Watch 699 remains in effect for portions of New Mexico.
    • WPC Day 1 ERO continues the Moderate Risk covering approximately 64,281 square miles and 3.7 million people on already saturated soils. Multiple Flash Flood Warnings remain active across Arizona.
    • Active Severe Thunderstorm Warnings have been issued for portions of central New Mexico, including the Albuquerque metro area. Mesoscale Discussion 2424 addresses severe potential with a watch likely in the High Plains corridor.
    • Tropical lane remains None. National Hurricane Center confirms no tropical cyclones and formation is not expected during the next 7 days. No U.S. coastal or Gulf watches or warnings.
    • Risk levels unchanged from morning, but the severe threat is now actively unfolding. Dominant restoration ticket remains the Moderate excessive rainfall and flash flooding on saturated soils across the Southwest, compounded by the active severe wind and tornado threat in New Mexico and the Panhandles.

    Live Status

    SPC Day 1 lists a Slight Risk of severe thunderstorms across parts of New Mexico into the Texas and Oklahoma Panhandles (area approximately 61,898 square miles, population approximately 673,000). Thunderstorms capable of producing severe wind gusts and a few tornadoes are expected this evening into the overnight. Storms have developed in the higher terrain of north-central New Mexico and will move east-northeastward. A band of strong storms is expected over central New Mexico, organizing into a line moving into the Texas Panhandle. Faster bowing segments may produce gusts above 70 mph. Supercells possible within the line; Amarillo VWP shows 0-3 km storm-relative helicity near 350 m²/s², supporting tornado potential (see MCD 2424). The threat is expected to persist into the overnight into northwestern Oklahoma and south-central Kansas with isolated severe gusts.

    WPC Day 1 ERO places a Moderate Risk of excessive rainfall covering 64,281 square miles and 3,656,961 people. A high-end Moderate remains in effect for portions of the Mogollon Rim and San Juan Mountains. An anomalously strong atmospheric river is driving highly anomalous moisture into the Southwest on already saturated soils. Widespread 3-5 inches of rain are expected in core areas, with efficient runoff converting nearly all rainfall to flooding of dry washes, arroyos, slot canyons, and burn scars. Flood Watches remain widespread. Active Flash Flood Warnings continue in Arizona, including the Paria River in Coconino County (considerable threat) and the Tucson metro area.

    Hotspots

    • Southwest / Four Corners (Arizona, New Mexico, southern Utah, southwestern Colorado): Primary focus under WPC Moderate Risk. Saturated soils from multi-week wet period. Active Flash Flood Warnings in northern and southeastern Arizona (Paria River/Lees Ferry with rapid rise reported, Tucson area, Graham and Greenlee counties). Expect life-threatening flash flooding of dry washes, arroyos, slot canyons, urban areas, and burn scars. Heavy rain rates capable of producing considerable impacts in core areas of the Mogollon Rim and San Juans.
    • Southern High Plains / eastern New Mexico into Texas and Oklahoma Panhandles: SPC Slight Risk. Severe Thunderstorm Watch 699 active for New Mexico. Line of storms developing across central and eastern New Mexico, moving east-northeast into the Panhandles overnight. Primary threats: damaging wind gusts (isolated above 70 mph possible) and a few line-embedded tornadoes. Active Severe Thunderstorm Warnings already issued for central New Mexico including Albuquerque metro.
    • East coast of Florida: Residual Slight Risk of excessive rainfall. Flood Watch in effect for parts of the Treasure Coast and Palm Beach County through Monday afternoon. Additional rain continues into Monday on saturated soils. No organized severe threat.

    Just-Hit

    Heavy rainfall from the atmospheric river continued into Sunday afternoon and evening, producing and extending Flash Flood Warnings across Arizona, including a rapid rise on the Paria River and persistent threats in the Tucson area. Severe thunderstorms developed in central New Mexico by late afternoon, prompting Severe Thunderstorm Warnings for the Albuquerque metro and surrounding counties with radar-indicated 60 mph wind gusts. Preliminary local storm reports include 60 mph gusts in Clark County, Nevada, earlier in the convective day. No widespread tornado reports logged yet, but the threat is increasing as the line organizes and moves east.

    Pulse Table

    LaneStatusNotes (as of ~8:16 PM PDT / 04:16 UTC Nov 2 2026)
    TropicalNoneNo tropical cyclones in the Atlantic, Caribbean, or Gulf. NHC: formation not expected next 7 days. No U.S. coastal or Gulf watches or warnings.
    SevereSlightSPC Day 1 (0100Z Nov 2): SLIGHT RISK NM into TX/OK Panhandles. Severe Thunderstorm Watch 699 active for NM. Damaging winds primary, few tornadoes possible with line. Storms developing; MCD 2424.
    FloodModerateWPC Day 1 ERO Moderate Risk Four Corners (~64k sq mi, ~3.7M people). Active Flash Flood Warnings AZ. Flood Watches AZ/NM/UT/CO and residual FL. Saturated soils from recent events.

    Restoration Read

    Moderate flood lane remains the primary driver on already saturated soils across the Southwest and Four Corners. Expect flash flooding of washes, arroyos, slot canyons, urban corridors, and burn scars, with potential for considerable impacts in core areas of the Mogollon Rim. Active severe threat in New Mexico and the High Plains brings risk of damaging winds (isolated 70+ mph) and a few tornadoes with the evening and overnight line of storms. Florida residual flash flood risk under Slight ERO. Monitor for water intrusion, debris, high water on roads, roof/siding/tree damage from winds, and residual coastal flooding. Turn around, don’t drown. No tropical component.

    What This Is Not

    This is not a Quiet Pulse. SPC Slight Risk and WPC Moderate Risk are both open. No tropical storm or hurricane watch or warning on the U.S. coast or Gulf of America. This desk summarizes public products from the SPC, WPC, NWS, and NHC. It is not an official warning.

    Looking Ahead One Day

    Monday: SPC Day 2 outlook shows a Slight Risk shifting eastward across North Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, and into Missouri for late Monday afternoon into evening, with damaging winds and a few tornadoes. WPC Day 2 holds residual Slight Risk of excessive rainfall for parts of the east coast of Florida. Southwest flood threat begins to wind down as the moisture plume moves through, but residual runoff on saturated soils continues into Monday. No tropical development expected.

    Rising Queries

    Rising queries tied to the Southwest flood and New Mexico severe hotspot include “flood watch,” “flash flood warning,” and related searches for Arizona and New Mexico flooding.

    Sources

    Disclaimer: Informational only — not an official warning. This is a summary of official public products from the Storm Prediction Center, Weather Prediction Center, National Weather Service, and National Hurricane Center. Always consult the latest official forecasts and warnings for your location. Turn around, don’t drown.

  • Storm Updates: Quiet Pulse — Oct 31

    Storm Updates: Quiet Pulse — Oct 31

    As of the afternoon desk on Saturday, October 31, 2026 (approximately 9:15 PM PDT / 04:15 UTC November 1), the national picture remains a Quiet Pulse. The Storm Prediction Center’s latest Day 1 Convective Outlook (0100 UTC update issued 0752 PM CDT October 31, valid 010100Z–011200Z) states: “NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST.” No severe threat is forecast across the U.S. through tonight. The Weather Prediction Center Day 1 Excessive Rainfall Outlook (updated 0003 UTC November 1) maintains a Slight Risk of excessive rainfall for portions of central Arizona. No tropical storm or hurricane watch or warning is in effect on the U.S. coast or Gulf of America.

    Tropical: None · Severe: None · Flood: Slight

    What Changed

    • Compared with this morning’s pulse table (quiet-pulse-2026-10-31-morning: Tropical: None · Severe: None · Flood: Slight): SPC Day 1 continues with no severe thunderstorm areas forecast. The 0100 UTC November 1 update confirms organized severe potential remains closed through tonight. No convective watches or mesoscale discussions are valid.
    • WPC Day 1 Excessive Rainfall Outlook holds the Slight Risk for portions of central Arizona, with adjustments expanding it slightly southward based on observational trends. Active Flood and Flash Flood Warnings continue in Maricopa and Gila Counties, Arizona, on saturated soils from recent heavy rain. No upgrade to Moderate or higher.
    • NHC Atlantic outlook (800 PM EDT October 31): no tropical cyclones; formation not expected during the next 7 days. No U.S. coastal or Gulf watches or warnings.
    • Additional local alerts include Coastal Flood Warnings in the Florida Keys and eastern Putnam County, residual Flash Flood Warnings in portions of Louisiana, Mississippi, Nevada, and Hawaii, a High Wind Watch for the Guadalupe Mountains (NM/TX), and Winter Storm Warnings in Alaska. None open a national Slight/Moderate or tropical lane.
    • Nothing moved to SPC Slight or above, WPC Moderate or above, or opened a U.S. tropical watch/warning. Quiet Pulse criteria hold. Dominant residual ticket remains the Slight excessive rainfall risk and localized flash flooding in central Arizona.

    Live Status

    SPC Day 1 (0100Z November 1) confirms no severe thunderstorm areas forecast through 12Z November 1. Isolated to scattered thunderstorms remain possible across parts of the lower Mississippi Valley into Florida and isolated convection across the western CONUS including southern Arizona and southern Nevada. Limited instability and shear preclude organized severe storms. No watches or MDs in effect.

    WPC Day 1 ERO places a Slight Risk of excessive rainfall for portions of central Arizona associated with the start of a brief atmospheric river (pineapple express) event overnight into Sunday. Soils remain saturated from recent heavy rainfall. No Moderate or higher risk nationally.

    Hotspots

    • Central Arizona: Primary focus under the WPC Slight Risk. Flood Warnings remain in effect for Maricopa and Gila Counties from excessive rainfall and ongoing runoff. Additional heavy rainfall tonight into Sunday will exacerbate flash flooding on saturated soils, low-water crossings, and urban areas including the Phoenix metro.
    • Lower Mississippi Valley and Florida: Isolated to scattered thunderstorms possible through tonight. No severe threat. Residual Coastal Flood Warnings continue in the Florida Keys and eastern Putnam County.
    • Scattered local alerts: Residual Flash Flood Warnings in parts of Louisiana, Mississippi, Nevada, and Hawaii; High Wind Watch for the Guadalupe Mountains of New Mexico and west Texas; Winter Storm Warning for the Klondike Highway area in Alaska.

    Just-Hit

    Earlier Friday evening into Saturday morning, flash flooding in the Phoenix metro produced multiple water rescues of occupants from vehicles stalled in washes and flooded streets (including near Stanford Drive). Flood Warnings continue for ongoing runoff. No widespread tornado or significant severe wind/hail reports logged for the current Day 1 period.

    Pulse Table

    LaneStatusNotes (as of ~9:15 PM PDT / 04:15 UTC Nov 1 2026)
    TropicalNoneNo tropical cyclones in the Atlantic. NHC: formation not expected next 7 days. No coastal or Gulf watches or warnings.
    SevereNoneSPC Day 1 (0100Z Nov 1): NO SEVERE THUNDERSTORM AREAS FORECAST. Isolated storms possible SW and lower MS Valley/FL. No active watches or MDs.
    FloodSlightWPC Day 1 ERO Slight Risk central Arizona. Active Flood/Flash Flood Warnings in Maricopa and Gila Counties AZ. Residual coastal Flood Warnings in FL. No Moderate or higher.

    Restoration Read

    Quiet Pulse with an elevated flood lane. Primary short-term ticket is flash flooding and rapid runoff in central Arizona (especially Maricopa County / Phoenix metro and Gila County) under the Slight Risk and active warnings, on already saturated soils. Additional rainfall tonight into Sunday will prolong the threat. No organized severe damage expected. Residual coastal flooding in Florida. Monitor for water intrusion, debris, and high water on roads. Turn around, don’t drown.

    What This Is Not

    This is a Quiet Pulse. No SPC Slight or higher severe risk on the latest Day 1 outlook. No WPC Moderate or higher excessive rainfall. No tropical storm or hurricane watch or warning on the U.S. coast or Gulf of America. This desk summarizes public products from the SPC, WPC, NWS, and NHC.

    Looking Ahead One Day

    Sunday: SPC Day 2 holds a Marginal Risk of severe thunderstorms from southern Arizona across New Mexico to the western Texas Panhandle for isolated damaging gusts and a couple of tornadoes possible. WPC outlooks point to continued heavy rain potential across the Southwest from the atmospheric river. Flood risk remains elevated in Arizona. No tropical development expected.

    Rising Queries

    Trends unreachable.

    Sources

    Disclaimer: This is a summary of official public products from the Storm Prediction Center, Weather Prediction Center, National Weather Service, and National Hurricane Center. Always consult the latest official forecasts and warnings for your location. This desk does not issue warnings.